^Romans and their arenas were also the primary cause of the extinction of the North African forest elephant (used as a warbeast by both the Carthaginians and their Numidian neighbours).
Lions used to be extremely spread out, from southern Africa to southern Europe, the Middle East and even slightly in India. And you guessed it, humans are one of the primary reasons why they're not anymore.
^IIRC lions were the only animal the Templars' Rule permitted them to hunt (as a combination of rural pest control and combat training) which illustrates the animals' presence in the Levant during the Middle Ages.