We're remembering that Yuni has been consistently cheating on her right

Like. The reality is they're both teenagers, neither of them are ready for a relationship because neither of them has developed any kind of emotional maturity. Which is fair, because they're kids. What's weird is the vindictiveness some people here seem to have towards Nanase - and only Nanase? - for being a dumb teenager. She's not a monster, she's been insensitive and hurt some people's feelings, but christ the way you write about her you'd think she was some sort of serial abuser.

because the person I responded to was specifically talking about Nanase wasn't problematic within the narrative?

Of course Yuni's awful, she pretended she was "being forced" by Fuuko into infidelity until chapter 10 when she herself pushed herself onto Fuuko in the hotel room because Nanase didn't give her the "yeah you're cute" answer she wanted after ignoring her all day.
I'm not here to defend Yuni, which I guess is why you decided to be vague with your "some people" phrasing instead of simply saying "you", but the fact is a good chunk of the reader base were putting Nanase up as this super pitiable blameless victim, when the signs have been there since the first chapter and become more clear as additional context is added in that none of them are good people, and Nanase is a part of that. Sure, her awfulness is far less bombastic compared to the other four, and she's the most "mundane" when it comes to the problems her character injects into the series.
But Yuni's shit, and Fuuko's, and Mashiro's, and likely soon Yuki's, have been written into the record ad nauseam already. Nanase getting the focus now is because there's finally a concrete case to be made for why she's not merely "a dumb teenager".

Besides—I think it's easily arguable that Nanase's done and is doing more than a bit of her own emotional variant of cheating when it comes to Yuki, and even her volleyball club. Just because she's not literally fucking her bestie or her teammates doesn't mean she's not actively contributing to things going sideways in her own way, and has been for the majority of the series.

last edited at Sep 18, 2026 10:34PM

Hmm interesting read. I still don't think Nanase is a shit girlfriend, she's just not the right person for Yuni and Yuni is not the right person for her. Yet they cling to it for different reasons. I want Yuki to go full yandere hahaha. I hope Fuuko and Yuni can heal, after a magnificent shit-show, and end up together. Cos most likely NOW, Yuni will realize she really loves Fuuko, right...right?

only thing is, we see in this very chapter that Yuni isn't the only one to fall "victim" to Nanase's behavior, as Yuki is being confronted with the fact that the all-important historical closeness she's shared with Nanase—the very one that has her convinced that she deserves Nanase's love over anyone else, the the point she spread rumors and destroyed Nanase's friendship in middle school—is only recognized by Yuki, and Nanase thinks nothing of knowing her since kindergarten.

It's not that "Nanase and Yuni aren't right for one another", it's that Nanase is incredibly selfish, or at best blindingly self-interested, and unless you have the same hobbies and interests that she does, she'll put no effort into trying to understand or identify your perspective on things. Even with her declaring that she'd 'beat Fuuko' in maintaining a relationship with Yuni, she then immediately fell back into the same insensitive treatment of her girlfriend that lead to Yuni cheating in the first place. The camping trip was nothing like what she'd sold Yuni; she badmouthed Yuni's mother to her face over marshmallows when Yuni has talked about how important her mom is to her before; she signed up for tennis because she assumed Yuni was interested, when Yuni herself (in the very flashback we see in this chapter) said she had no desire to play tennis whatsoever.
Even her mom understands that something's wrong. When Nanase set up this bowling thing, her mom is the one that pushed her to invite Yuni. Because Nanase's mother spoke to Yuni during the camping trip (after Nanase abandoned her all afternoon), found out how close they were, and knows just how oblivious and unthinking her own daughter is. She worried that someone as important (and liked by her) as Yuni would be forgotten by Nanase, which is the only reason Yuni was invited to begin with.
Nanase sees and hears what she wants to, and doesn't take the time to actually listen. She's effectively paying lip service to Yuni now upon her limited understanding of what it means to be in a relationship, and even then manages to sideline Yuni for Yuki and for her volleyball stuff and simply doing whatever she feels in the moment.

that is why people are critical of her. You're correct that she and Yuni aren't good for one another, but it's not simply because Yuni's an emotional mess who cheated on her. It's because Nanase isn't ready for a relationship whatsoever, until she learns to think about others and not only about herself and her own wants and needs. Hopefully, Yuki is about to (maybe hopefully metaphorically) beat that lesson into her in short order, now that she herself found out how bad Nanase really is.

Also Lol Yuki at the end there was soo good. Showed that same attitude she's shown Yuni. I'm curious did they actually know each other sides Kindergarten and Yuki is the only one that actually cared since then LOL? If so HUGE yikes That almost makes me feel bad for Yuki, But then we know the type of person Nanase actually is, I don't think she should be going out with anyone I don't think it's that she only cares about herself but she can't seem to actually focus on a person whether it be a friend or a girlfriend.

I had to double check—Fuuko chased off the girl that Nanase was "weirdly close to" in middle school, but she does indeed recount how she and Natsume knew one another since kindergarten (ch35 p21). I'm guessing Nanase's just got that "dumb MC plot device" energy wherein they don't remember having met the romantic interest when they were little kids only to reconnect later on in life.
In a funny way, Nanase kinda gives off a more conventional non-drama "RomCom Protagonist" vibe with her habit of situational blindness and "I'm just a normal girl (who attracts everyone around her)" mentality. So if this were a comedy-focused story from her POV, Yuki would fit right into that "girl I knew back then but forgot until the right narrative reveal" position.

But I kinda agree that Nanase might just not be cut out for romance, at least at this point. She's all-in on sports stuff, and it would seem that everyone that we're meant to care about that has feelings for her would require a relationship that gets directly in the way of things Nanase herself wants to do. If Yuki could chill tf out a bit, maybe it could work, but I wouldn't be holding my breath.

"I'll win this using my own strength"

Yeah I don't believe that it's your own mom who put a ton of effort into you doing this entire contest you mean to tell me she isn't gonna be bias?

See those other contestants agree very sus letting the daughter her mom actually cared for be in this event like it was all made for her (poor Yuu you don't need your mom).

Also I just love Haru and her energy and trying to change and be confident. I really don't like Myuki at all but she doesn't seem as bad as I first made her out to be when she first showed up.

And well her mom did notice Yuu was there and she seemed happy? But that doesn't change that she basically abandoned her and left her because she thought she had no talent for singing even taking her sister with her making her feel like she was worthless.

Couldn't agree more. I'm just waiting for mom's pov, but whatever it is I don't think it can justify anything at all

I feel like it was fated to be hand-waved all the way back in chapter 5 when Yuu explains her past to Haru. She even allows that Haru (and the reader) might "probably think she's a terrible mother", only to go continue with "but...she's still my mom, you know?"
so I don't really think it smart to expect Yuu to hold either her mother or her sister accountable for their actions. Sure, Miyuki's blameless in that she was taken away by Mom as a child, but I went back to look and found nothing about them maintaining contact over the years that they were separated, and now Miyuki's acting like she's entitled to come in and take Haru's place next to Yuu. And, Yuu says herself in that chapter that it lead to her parents getting divorced, which means her mom effectively chose the "talented child" and abandoned her family to push that talent to fruition. It's just toxicity all the way down, and everything we've been shown, including Haru's reluctance to confront others over conflict, makes me think Rurika and Miyuki's behavior will be excused.

Doesn't feel good at all. So I just hope that Haru & Yuu thoroughly kick Miyuki's ass in the finals and make it absolutely clear that the mom fucked up all those years ago in neglecting her daughter. So when Yuu invariably lets the two of them into her life sans restitution, at least Haru and Yuu know they succeeded on their own merit.

I wasn't gonna keep reading this after the awful Blibli like censoring in the past chapter but I do enjoy this kind of story and want to see what happens.

Since she saw young her and said she looks familiar let me guess Rui knows from from her past and they were friends back when they were small and she just forgot/doesn't remember her and they probably liked each other back then so now Rui is trying to get her to go back or maybe they made one of those little kid promises to marry when they grow up because they were small delusional kids lol

My read of it is that they met at that Belle Fleur competition that was part of that flashback in a previous chapter--they were both children, and Rui fell in love with Sara at that point, but Sara has since forgotten, and/or doesn't know that Rui's the same person as the child she'd encountered back then.

I'd honestly say it'd be a more novel approach on the author's part to not have some 'childhood promise' between them, but to have them merely meeting as kids, and Rui falling but Sara thinking nothing more than 'oh that girl is cute' and then moving on. A one-sided long-term crush would make the dynamic between them here and now more interesting, in my book, because it means Sara's just trying to win a bet to take the Belle Fleur title so she can build her yuri harem, and Rui is trying to actually make Sara fall for her, because she's loved Sara all this time and wants Sara to/for herself and is capitalizing on this bet Sara suggested to ensure it happens.

Plus I don't think this carries the same level of intense incel energy that hetero NTR works typically have.

It’s the same tho, the idea of “owning” someone, that person being made the “property” of other person through sex as a humiliating act (“break” the spirit of that person because they start to enjoy the sex) and the cuck feeling sad/humilliated for “losing” but still getting horny lol

It's not the same here, different contexts carry different weights and vibes. Yes the whole "treating her like property" aspect here is gross, though it really doesn't carry the same weight as men doing it. There's a difference between an ecchi lesbian dark comedy having what you're describing, and an often serious hetero work trying to appeal to men that want to steal the partner of another man, while making themselves out to be the superior "Alpha Male" that deserves the woman, while treating her like property. Self victimizing men that usually feel like they have been wronged by women, where for them the usual hetero NTR work is their way of expressing their hate towards women, and desire to sexually dominate and control women. Along with all of the societal and historical weight with how women are treated by men.

I mean, you keep trying to tie this back into "hetero NTR" when there's plenty of actual yuri NTR stories (both hentai and non-hentai) to compare to. If it really requires that idea of inceldom or misogyny, then there should be zero examples of NTR stories that don't involve men whatsoever, and that's just not the case.It just reads like you're trying to find reasons to excuse this particular story so you don't have to feel discomfort in justifying your enjoyment of it.
Maybe that's a harsh interpretation, but that's the tone I'm seeing in everything you're saying, since you keep referring to "it's different from when men are doing it".

It's also not "NTR" in the strict sense. Ruru and Shishido don't have an established romantic relationship; it's a one-way crush that Otagiri is interfering with, which makes it an example of the BSS sub-genre. Otagiri is still physically and sexually dominating Shishido and corrupting her, and Ruru is catching strays as she's forced to witness it happen, while falling into her own depravity in the process. That in itself might be why it feels "different", because it's being erroneously labeled (which, "BSS" has been around since 2015, but somehow still doesn't get classified tag-wise in most places for whatever reason, so).
You can say "oh but it's an ecchi dark comedy, not a serious work", but that's just splitting hairs and doesn't really matter in the context that this is an aspect of the greater NTR genre, by definition. You don't need some "alpha male" stealing a woman from an emasculated man that readers self-insert into to satisfy the conditions of the genre tag, and trying to frame it that way repeatedly in an effort to marginalize the content of this series is disingenuous.

But I'd argue that stories like this only work if the clear imbalance between characters is reversed at some point before finding equilibrium, because otherwise any relationship that would form would see that imbalance persist, which doesn't strike me as healthy at all.

it works better if you read it as a horror. like 50 shades of gray

Horror stories at least tend to frame the narrative with intent toward negative sentiment, if not for the characters then for the reader/viewer. A "bad ending" is seen as cautionary, or at least framed as undesirable. This ending with Yu happy with Ni, and the framing of that being a good thing, wouldn't be horror so much as celebrating something that (to me) wouldn't be healthy, assuming Ni's character doesn't get a transformation and see her relative position to Yu become less unbalanced.
Of course, this assumes Yu doesn't learn the truth and then decides she's happy being "beneath" Ni in a relationship hierarchy. If she is....well, that's the author's call since they're the ones writing the characters. Just feels not-great, to me...like all the stories and historical events where one person (usually a man) has power/sway/dominion of their partner (usually a woman), and how in contemporary terms, that's not really treated as a good thing.

I don't want him to die or anything, but I just hope he chills the fuck out with trying to force his daughter into some predestined box of his choosing like she's not her own person with agency.

first time?

....what do you want me to say to this? There's being pithy and there's having a cogent point.

I dont know about other people, but I'm loving how truly evil and manipulative some of these characters (who we're supposed to root for btw) can be. Im really looking forward to Diana's arc and seeing how Kelly changes her for the better. Hesha x Jolene are great and I love them but Irene and Diana are such interesting characters because they feel like antagonists in the protag role. Theyre both ruthless but at the same time I understand why they do their business in such ways, with the kind of world/times they live in. There's just as much fluff as there is cruelty and I find this story fun, even tho I can see how it may turn others off.

It does make me wonder if there will be a "turnabout" moment for Diana wherein she finds herself on the "other side", as it were. Something like a Fall Arc, except in the sense that she starts off a haughty royal with power and seemingly little empathy for anyone she considers beneath her station--and then at some point in her particular arc within the story stumbles hard on some narrative moment that renders her initial status and power moot, and/or encounters challenges that force her to adapt, moving away from this "my way or the highway/I'm powerful and can do what I want" mindset & demeanor and becoming more humble as she gains some awareness and understanding of the perspectives of others not like her.
Because I agree that Kelly is being set up as her counterpart and that Diana will be changed for the better. But her behavior and depiction seems to be one of considerable repugnance; she's royalty, sure, but she also seemingly wants to move away from her mother/"the old way" of doing things (which mirrors the other kingdom where H&J reside). So I'm mostly wondering if Diana will be forcefully humbled and made to reckon with the consequences of her behavior, or if she'll get a much more gentle transformation, that sees her insulated from the treatment she's been bestowing upon others.
And I wonder that in particular, because she's rather unsympathetic and lacking in empathy toward those "beneath" her. Forcing her to "learn" empathy by subjecting her to the sort of stuff she's putting others through--in any sort of corresponding capacity--is one path toward changing her mindset and expanding her worldview, and doing it in a dramatic fashion would mirror her outward treatment of others.
And we have similar notes already played, in the form of Jolene and Hesha's relationship, even, so it wouldn't even feel out of place if she had a fall from grace that saw her having to reassess herself and her ways in order to persevere.

I think I'm only sticking with this because I want to see Ni Shang humbled before Yu Wan. The power imbalance between them needs to shift the other direction at some point, or else the dynamic between their characters remains so one-sided that Yu Wan will simply end up the possession of Ni Shang if they ever get in an actual relationship.

Maybe that does it for some people, or maybe there's some implicit cultural angle that I'm just not going to identify with wherein that sort of relationship isn't rife with problems. But I feel like the only stories I've seen of these that seem to work, has a moment where the character who's "below" the other eventually come out on top, putting the "aggressor" in their place and bringing things to an even footing.

It's one thing for them to talk things out and actually rectify the misunderstandings between them. But I'd argue that stories like this only work if the clear imbalance between characters is reversed at some point before finding equilibrium, because otherwise any relationship that would form would see that imbalance persist, which doesn't strike me as healthy at all.

Yu Wan needs a giant win to offset all the times she's "lost" up to this point (and likely going forward), and Ni Shang needs a big serving of narrative crow to knock her down to Yu Wan's level and see them more balanced against one another. They both also need to grow more--Yu Wan's way too childish and more than a little shallow, and Ni Shang is a horrible interpersonal communicator, for all her apparent success in the business world. But they're a godawful toxic fit as they are now, and I'd argue part of rectifying that is humbling Ni Shang a good deal while raising Yu Wan up.

That, and while I realize the Dad is likely reacting to how obnoxious his Yu Wan is being, he's just insufferable, so I want to see some sort of comeuppance for him. It's one thing to want your child to reach their potential, but his method of doing it is far from healthy. I don't want him to die or anything, but I just hope he chills the fuck out with trying to force his daughter into some predestined box of his choosing like she's not her own person with agency.

There's a typo in the last panel. "Doe this place..." should be "Does this place"

oh deer.

i fell off reading this a few years ago and now only read it every once in a while out of morbid curiosity. it's like a train wreck i can't look away from lol. all i can say is, someone please tell mashiro about aromanticism before the body count gets even higher. i know that's probably not what the author intended but i haven't seen something THIS aro coded in a while.

Does aromanticism regularly conflate with a propensity for committing sexual assault and a general disregard for and contempt of the emotional well-being of others?

Interesting.

methinks the title of the series might not be accurate, anymore.

and what a beautiful manner of showing that shift.

This was wholesome, fluffy and innocent. Briefly heart-warming to say the least. Cute and somewhat cliche.

even a simple meal can be spiritually fulfilling, after all.

Oh my god, this is a comedy fetish manga. You guys make up a completely different story in your head and then complain when the actual story is nothing like what you imagined. You're in Mcdonalds and complain the burger you ordered isn't a steak.

Thank goodness you showed up just in time to point that out in such a delightfully condescending manner.

I mainly think yourself and some others are expecting the series to be more than it's trying to be.

I do have a track record of stumbling upon a series with what feels like an interesting or at least provocative premise, only to discover the author isn't looking to do anything with it beyond the barest minimum to justify drawing their desired gimmick and thus finding myself subsequently put out, yeah.

A lot of those are aimed at teenagers who haven't gotten tired of that yet because it's new-to-them. That is both boring and an excellent business strategy. Plus it's not like it's easy to write flat characters if you're not an experienced writer, so people have to start somewhere.

It's however not like we're rolling in in series similar to this one like we are with low tier het vanilla harem manga, so I can't blame anyone for not being bored of it yet. I certainly haven't seen another yuri story about an otaku beating up a group of gyaru bullies and forcing the gyaru MC to play out the otaku's defiled night fantasies and similar.

As an adult that's well versed in a lot of stories I still found these 3 chapters entertaining, though maybe it'll become too dark and violent for me down the road. I don't think everything has to be complex and deep, there's room for a variety and sometimes a simple raunchy dark comedy is fine.

I think--and this is me personally, to be clear--it's that we've hit the ground hard on what gimmick is in play for the premise of the series: one-sided physical and sexual violence from the "bullied" to the "bully" that sees the latter eventually fall for the former. The physical violence is entirely played off as a gag, and the sexual violence causing the gyaru to already start 'physically falling for' the otaku isn't really all that far removed from your average hentai "plot" that sees a woman pressured into sex until she starts to like it, whatever proclivity or rationale she might have had before.
And that's basically what we have. We have some small tidbits that are outside of that--the otaku's working on a manga series, and the gyaru was seemingly Top Dog at her old stomping grounds before she showed up at this school. But three chapters of the same basic sequence of events--Otaku beats up Gyaru, then sexually abuses Gyaru, and Gyaru gets flustered and starts questioning why she sorta likes it--and that formula, while titillating, doesn't seem like it could go on for too long before even those who are looking for it grow bored.

Again--it's three chapters. I'm more than happy being proven wrong, and given the lackey's just found out about what's going on, perhaps there'll be more depth in the coming chapters and I'll be completely off-base in what I've said here and before. But I would also be correct, in that something more was needed to see this have any legs as a long-form series.

It doesn't have to be complex, sure. But to me "complex" doesn't mean that there shouldn't be any desire to remember a character's name or care about what happens to them over the course of the series. A "simple raunchy dark comedy" isn't mutually exclusive from three-dimensional characterization.

three chapters to this point makes me think that the characterization will be entirely surface-level to put all the focus on the actual fetish at play. Which, more power to those that enjoy it, but I'm a touch surprised the author's not leaning harder into overt NSFW stuff like actual nudity, given the "plot" is basically "nerd beats up bully and sexually abuses her into a relationship".
Unless actual depth gets added to their characters at some point, I don't see this going far on a gimmick based around sexual violence with only implied lewdness and nothing more...feels like the stakes would have to be raised in some capacity to prevent it going stale, and each character is flat-enough that I don't know if banking on an actual narrative being the driving force is wise.

Big oof when she told those people and she heard her say the stuff about being nothing but an annoying childhood friend.

I don't think she meant it negative kind of annoying, but more like referring to her habit of helping and I guess it can be a bit of nagging, as you could see Raika would point things of her appearance that Atori had to fix. Ahaha. Meddlesome people are probably her type.

Anyways series seems interesting so far, I like this author, their couples are always very sweet.

My read, is Atori very much likes Raika, and potentially wants her all to herself and/or is worried that if Raika gets too popular she'll leave Atori behind.

Like you said, the "meddlesome" adjective specifically is pretty accurate to Raika; she's always going out of her way to help others (and we know the reason from Raika's internal monologue), and she specifically is always fussing over Atori.

My initial thought was that she was trying to downplay Raika to the other two, in order to ...I guess make her seem less desirable to others so that they wouldn't take Raika away from her? I don't think that's likely to be the case anymore, and instead I think Atori is just unable to be honest with herself about her feelings for Raika, and thus can't be honest about how she feels about her when talking to other people. But Atori had eschewed acting/performing in front of others all this time because it was enough for her that Raika was watching. That's not what you do if you see your childhood friend as "meddlesome / annoying".

And, Atori gets fully into the role of whatever bit of acting she's doing, becoming another person entirely, it would seem. So a sense of confidence and issues with self-image might be at play--and there's plenty of precedent across manga for characters to deny or even miss their feelings for someone out of a sense of "not being deserving", or whathaveyou. If she's got self-image/self-confidence issues, and she knows how well-liked Raika is, she might feel like she "can't" act on her feelings toward Raika.
Which mirrors Raika's hesitance to do the same. They're seemingly born out of different rationale, but the two instances of "one-sided love" would then also make sense for both characters in their respective ways.

Damn.

Aika falling harder than Riko at this point.

They say the Moon's light is a reflection of the Sun's radiance.

But I think tonight it's a reflection of Ayumu's smile.

You do realize the whole point of fantasy is doing things that aren't possible in real life, right? Sure, if a person wants to medically transition, in reality, then they'll have to go through a long, hard, and imperfect process, but fiction isn't reality and it's pretty easy to understand why someone might want to imagine a world where they don't have to do that.

Also, like ninryu said, not every transperson needs to or wants to medically transition or medically transition to the same extent.

Let's agree to disagree then.
This work is not a fantasy work of a guy wanting to become a girl and magically getting his wish granted and turning into one.
Also if you truly think this author cares or is protrans or anything related to that you are quite naive person.
Most japanese GB authors don't really give a finger about supporting that cause GB works aren't for such kind of audience, they are mostly for fetishizing girl x girl relation with excuse of putting a guy as lead in some form cause such "yuri" is more acceptable to some type of readership cause for japanese it's stil a male x female relation (like in Ayakashi Triangle for comparison or in Onimai).
Only Kashimashi breaks this trope but only cause the lead even as a boy, for brief time we learn about him before the change, basically acts like a girl in it already so it comes natural.
And in this case author feels enormous need to show us him being a guy in previous life and especially that his love for that woman started from before while he was still a guy and not being born after him becoming a woman so it rather still shows us it's heterosexual love than a GL one.
This story could easily work if the lead was a Demon Queen in previous life, but we know why author didn't use such angle cause it would actually make it a yuri/GL title for real than GB romance of what it is in reality than a yuri one.

Well I look forward to seeing you back here after chapter 2 continuing to complain about something you don't like, I guess.

Hmm, it's really cute but I don't know if I like the gender bender. I will see how it goes but I just can't get over it.

For me the gender bender is a reason not to pick it up especially with yuri tag added to it.
I just don't find any allure in reading a story about a guy changed into a girl and ending with a girl, since it's rather a fake yuri approach since in reality the mind is of an original male individual but now in conveniant female body, so basically heterosexual relation than a yuri one.

I'm not saying you're being transphobic, I will say though that I have seen very openly transphobic people use this same line of logic. How someone can't be a girl because they have the mind of a boy, and the other way around. So be careful with that line of thinking.

No offense but for me personally transexual content has nothing to do with gender bender/gender swap type of stories.
Transexual people if they truly want to be of their desired gender they have to take hormones for life and take serious operations to change their body sex than what they were born with, while in gender bending stories the change is pretty much magical stuff, which has nothing to do with actual transition and it's mostly used for comedy purpose, so in a way gender bender stories itself as genre of fiction are transphobic and insulting in that way if you gonna look at it.

This story pretty much in single chapter confirms that approach by making an adult guy self take over 2 years old girl body and live her life as his own now, his stronger mind took over and we have him still thinking with his male mind monologues as narrator through the story about his past and love life and he still identifies as a guy in them.

For me such work is not a GL/yuri work, here we clearly see that the attraction to the woman came before him being changed into a female and it comes from him being a guy before, so hard to call it like that as girls love work if it's a heterosexual one.

That wasn't the Demon Lord taking over a toddler's body. That was the Demon Lord's consciousness "coming back online" and recalling her past life as the Demon Lord, while still building memories as her present self.

And all the "masc pronoun use" all coincide with flashbacks/remembering past events. Every time the MC is thinking/speaking in the "present tense/moment", it's all feminine pronoun usage. That's no different from a transwoman talking about her pre-transition life saying "back then when I(oru)...and now I(watashi)"

So if you do want to nitpick, I suggest ensuring you're actually accurate with the criticisms you cite in the chapter itself.