I'm not well versed in the way of nihongo but i'll give it a shot anyway
What would be the Japanese equivalent of "babe" or "honey", i.e. a term of endearment that (say) a boyfriend would call their girlfriend? (Or is there such a thing? I dunno. I assume there is, but maybe I'm wrong and they all call each other givenname-san even during pillow talk.)
Can't say i remember anything like it being used between boyfriend and girlfriend, unless it's one of those over the top girls who keeps calling the dude "daaarliiing" and stuff, but a married couple often has the wife calling the husband "anata"
In a similar vein, what would be the most natural way of shortening the name "Chiyako" to an affectionate nickame? (Again, I assume there is such a thing, but there may not be.)
Chiya-chan i guess?
If I thought I recognized someone, I might ask them "Say, aren't you James Franco?" How would I phrase the name in Japanese? Would it be "Aren't you Franco James-san?"
Only a very polite example comes to my head (as in yakuza polite) but i've seen "Anata wa moshikashite Franco James(-san) desu ka" which would translate to "Are you by any chance Franco James?"
Changing the Anata wa to Omae wa would make it a little more rude but the english translation would remain the same i guess, unless you wanna get a little creative in the localization